What is the difference between Bullet Train (Shinkansen), limited expresses, regular expresses, special rapid services, rapid services, and local services?

Special rapid services, rapid services, and ordinary services stop at a comparatively more stations than other trains. They can be used with just a basic fare ticket.
Bullet Trains (Shinkansen), limited expresses, and regular expresses stop at comparatively fewer stations than rapid and ordinary services. They travel faster and offer more comprehensive services in terms of seating, etc., and require the purchase of a limited express ticket or similar in addition to a basic fare ticket.